What Is PMI on a Mortgage? | Simple Explanation for Borrowers

Most borrowers feel unsure what PMI is, why it’s required, and how it affects their monthly payment — but you deserve clear, simple guidance without the confusion.

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What Is PMI on a Mortgage?

A simple explanation of private mortgage insurance and why some borrowers need it.

Overview

PMI (Private Mortgage Insurance) is insurance that protects the lender if a borrower defaults. It’s required on most conventional loans when the down payment is under 20%. This guide explains what PMI is, how it works, how much it costs, and how you can remove it.

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What PMI Is

  • Insurance that protects the lender
  • Required when down payment is under 20%
  • Applies to most conventional loans
  • Not the same as homeowners insurance

When PMI Is Required

  • Down payment under 20%
  • Loan-to-value (LTV) above 80%
  • Conventional loans only
  • Not required on VA loans

How PMI Is Paid

  • Monthly premium added to your mortgage payment
  • Sometimes paid upfront at closing
  • Some loans offer lender-paid PMI (higher rate instead)

How Much PMI Costs

  • Typically 0.3% to 1.5% of the loan amount per year
  • Based on credit score, LTV, and loan type
  • Higher credit = lower PMI
  • Lower down payment = higher PMI

How to Remove PMI

  • Automatically removed at 78% LTV
  • You can request removal at 80% LTV
  • Faster removal if your home value increases
  • Refinance can eliminate PMI if LTV is low enough

Why PMI Exists

  • Allows buyers to purchase with less than 20% down
  • Reduces lender risk
  • Expands access to homeownership

Next Steps

  • Check your current loan-to-value
  • Review your PMI cost
  • Estimate when you can remove PMI
  • Explore refinance options if your value increased

Get a personalized mortgage review to see how soon you can remove PMI.

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